Introduction
Vocational education deserves a separate evaluation within the educational system. Countries worldwide are implementing a wide range of steps to strengthen their vocational education. The structure of vocational education in each country is designed to meet the specific needs of that country.1 As a result, the economic situation of countries and the characteristics of the labor market are determining factors. Therefore, vocational education at the secondary education level in some countries is provided at the higher education level in others. In some countries, the connections between vocational education and the labor market are loose, and therefore, the emphasis on professions in vocational education is more flexible. However, in countries like Germany, Austria, and Switzerland, an employment-focused vocational education policy is implemented, giving much more specific emphasis on professions.2 Furthermore, in these countries, vocational education is organized not only in schools but also in businesses, referred to as dual vocational education, as it takes place in two locations.3 In this regard, especially in Germany, the transition from school to work is rapid, leading to significantly low rates of youth unemployment after graduation.4
